What is HTML | Introduction to webpage programming
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HTML
(Hyper Text Markup Language)
An Introduction To Web Page Programming
History of HTML
For it's five(5) years (1990 - 1995), HTML went through a number of revisions and experienced a number of extensions, primarily hosted first at CERN, and then at the IETF.
Background
HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) is the world wide web's core markup language.
Originally, HTML was primarily designed as a language for semantically describing scientific documents. It is general design, however, has enabled it to be adapted, over the subsequent years, to describe a number of other types of documents and even applications.
Audiance
This specification is intended for authors of documents and scripts that use the features defined in this specification, implementors of tools that operate on pages that use the features defined in this specification, and individuals wishing to establish the correctness of documents or implementations with respect to the requirements of this specifications.
INTRODUCTION TO HTML
• With HTML you can create your own website.
• HTML stands for "Hyper Text Markup Language".
• HTML is not a programming language, it is a Markup Language.
• A markup language is a set of markup tags.
• HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages.
• HTML is not case sensitive language.
• HTML documents contain HTML tags and plaintext.
HTML Elements and Tags
• A tag is always enclosed in angle bracket <> like <HTML>
• HTML tags normally come in pairs like <HTML> and </HTML> i.e.
Start tag = <HTML>
End tag = </HTML>
• Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags.
HOW TO START
• Write html code in notepad.
• Save the file with (.HTML)/(.Htm) extension
• View the page in any web browser Viz.
INTERNET EXPLORER, NETSCAPE NAVIGATOR etc.
• The purpose of a web browser (like internet explorer or firefox) is to read html documents and display them as webpages.
Code With HTML
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>
MY FIRST PAGE
</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
GLOBAL INFORMATION CHANNEL
</BODY>
</HTML>
Explain these tags
• <HTML> - Describe HTML web page that is to be viewed by a web browser.
• <HEAD> - This defines the header section of the page.
• <TITLE> - This shows a caption in the title bar of the page.
• <BODY> - This tag show contents of the web page will be displayed.
Types of HTML tags
There are two different types of tags :->
Container Element :->
Container tags contains start tag & end tag i.e.
<HTML>...</HTML>
Empty Element :->
Empty tags contains start tag i.e.
<BR>
Text Formatting Tags
Heading Elements :->
• There are six heading elements
(<H1>, <H2>, <H3>, <H4>, <H5>, <H6>)
• All the six heading elements are container tag and requires a closing tag.
• <h1> will print the largest heading
• <h6> will print the smallest heading
Heading Tag Code
<html>
<title>heading</title>
<body>
<h1> GLOBAL INFO CHANNEL </h1>
<h2> GLOBAL INFO CHANNEL </h2>
<h3> GLOBAL INFO CHANNEL </h3>
<h4> GLOBAL INFO CHANNEL </h4>
<h5> GLOBAL INFO CHANNEL </h5>
<h6> GLOBAL INFO CHANNEL </h6>
</body>
</html>
HTML Paragraph Tag
• HTML documents are devided into paragraphs.
• Paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag i.e.
<p> This is a paragraph </p>
<p> This is another paragraph </p>
<pre> This text is preformatted </pre>
Line break & Horizontal Line Tag
• If you want a line break or a new line without starting a new paragraph Use the <br> tag.
• Defines a horizontal line use <hr> tag.
• <br> <hr> element are empty HTML element i.e. Global Information Channel<hr>
Global Information <br> Channel
Text Formatting Tags
<b> Defines bold text
<big> Defines big text
<em> Defines emphasized text
<i> Defines italic text
<small> Defines small text
<strong> Defines strong text
<sub> Defines subscripted text
<super> Defines superscripted text
<ins> Defines inserted text
<del> Defines deleted text
<tt> Defines teletype text
<u> Defines underline text
<strike> Defines strike text
Text Formatting Code
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<b>This text is bold </b>
<br><em>This text is Emphasized</em>
<br><i>This text is Italic</i>
<br><small> This text is Small</small>
<br> This is<sub> Subscript<sub> and <sup> Superscript</sup>
<br><strong>This text is Strong</strong>
<br><big>This text is Big</big>
<br><u>This text is Underline</u>
<br><strike>This text is Strike</strike>
<br><tt> This text is Teletype</tt>
</body>
</html>
Font Tag
• This element is used to format the size, typeface and color of the enclosed text.
• The commonly used fonts for web pages are Arial, Comic Sans MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Arial Black, Courier New, Times New Roman, Arial Narrow, Impact, Verdana.
• The size attribute in font tag takes values from 1 to 7.
Font Tag Code
<html>
<head><title> fonts</title></head>
<body>
<br><font color=”green” size=”7” face=”Arial”>GLOBAL INFORMATION CHANNEL </font>
<br><font color=”green” size=”6” face=”Cosmic Sans MS”>GLOBAL INFORMATION CHANNEL </font>
<br><font color=”green” size=”5” face=”Lucida Sans Unicode”>GLOBAL INFORMATION CHANNEL </font>
<br><font color=”green” size=”4” face=”Courier New”>GLOBAL INFORMATION CHANNEL </font>
<br><font color=”green” size=”3” face=”Times New Roman”>GLOBAL INFORMATION CHANNEL </font>
<br><font color=”green” size=”2” face=”Arial Black”>GLOBAL INFORMATION CHANNEL </font>
<br><font color=”green” size=”1” face=”Impact”>GLOBAL INFORMATION CHANNEL </font>
</body>
</html>
Background & Text Color Tag
• The attribute background color is used for changing the background color of the page.
<body bgcolor="Green" >
• Text is use to change the color of the enclosed text.
<body text="White">
Text Alignment Tag
• It is use to alignment of the text.
1. Left alignment <align="left">
2. Right alignment <align="right">
3. Center alignment <align="center">
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| Smruti Ranjan Panda (Bablu) |
Nice explain bro...
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